Genetic link to morbid obesity

A single gene linked to morbid obesity in a family
in Israel also causes obesity and diabetes when deleted in mice.

The gene, which produces a protein known as CEP19,
could be responsible for the onset of obesity, according to research in the
American Journal of Human Genetics.

Researchers in Israel examined an Arab family
including 13 morbidly obese family members and 31 with a body mass index under
35 and pinpointed that the difference between the two groups was a mutated
CEP19 gene.

'This gene is shown to be present not only in
humans and mice but also in the simplest known single-cell animal', said Dr John Martignetti, from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, USA, who led the study.

Next, the team deleted the gene in mice. Those with
the mutated CEP19 gene were found to be twice the weight of normal mice
with twice the amount of body fat. They were also diabetic, ate more, and moved
around less than the control mice.

'The mouse models we have generated, which can be
more than twice as heavy as other mice and are insulin resistant,
represent important research tools for basic biology and clinical testing',
said Dr Martignetti.

Dr Martignetti added that the CEP19 gene 'seems to
be fundamental to regulating nutritional status', but larger-scale studies are
required for researchers to determine the mechanisms behind its effects.

Professor David Haslam, chair of the National Obesity Forum, told Metro about his 'mixed feelings' on this study, saying 'there's a danger that
those with obesity will think changing their lifestyle won't make a difference
and so they don't seek treatment or help'.

However, Dr Martignetti believes that 'if we are going to combat this disease,
we need to understand its medical basis'.