People with Jewish ancestry, who are more likely to carry a genetic risk of developing some cancers, will be offered genetic testing through a new programme announced by the NHS in England.
Individuals born with faulty BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes have a greater risk of developing many different cancers, such as breast, ovarian, prostate or pancreatic cancer. People with Jewish ancestry are six times more likely to inherit such genetic risks in their BRCA genes than anyone else. The NHS testing programme aims to test 30,000 people with Jewish ancestry over the next two years in order to identify people with faulty genes as part of the NHS's drive to catch cancer earlier when it is easier to treat.
National clinical director for cancer at NHS England, Professor Peter Johnson, said 'BRCA testing for the people most at risk has the potential to save lives, by allowing them to take steps to reduce the chance of cancers developing or making sure that any cancer can be detected as early as possible, with those at increased risk able to take advantage of surveillance and prevention programmes with their health teams.'
Everyone carries the BRCA genes. They are important in repairing DNA damage, and actually help to protect against cancer. However, when these genes cantain certain changes, the chance of having cancer is much more likely. The programme will be testing people with Jewish ancestry due to their higher likelihood of having faulty BRCA genes as there is a 50 percent chance of passing down a faulty gene to any children.
Anyone aged 18 or older who has at least one Jewish grandparent is eligible for testing. The test is conducted using a saliva swab, and can be ordered online and completed at home. The sample is then analysed in a laboratory.
Finding defective BRCA genes early is key in offering people preventative surgery or medication, as well as mammograms and MRI scans. Advice can also be given on how to make risk-reducing lifestyle changes. Women with faulty BRCA genes can have up to a 72 percent chance of developing breast cancer, which in the general population is only at 11.5 percent.
Baroness Delyth Morgan, chief executive of Breast Cancer Now, explained that 'this innovative new programme could help save more lives from cancer and we'd encourage anyone eligible to take up the testing offer'.
Professor Johnson concluded 'We know it can be daunting finding out whether or not you have an altered BRCA gene… We want as many people as possible to take advantage of this testing programme, so please do come forward for a simple saliva test if you are eligible.'
Tests can be ordered here.
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